The stand-off between the United States and Iran has deepened as the US declared it had blockaded Iran’s ports, Tehran threatened to strike targets across the region and Pakistan said it was racing to bring the sides together for more talks.
Though last week’s ceasefire appeared to hold, the showdown over the Strait of Hormuz risked reigniting hostilities and deepening the region-wide war’s economic fallout.
Talks aimed at permanently ending the conflict — which began on February 28 with US and Israeli strikes on Iran — failed to produce an agreement last weekend, though Pakistan has proposed hosting a second round in the coming days.
Two Pakistani officials said that the first talks were part of an ongoing diplomatic process rather than a one-off effort.
Two US officials said on Monday that discussions were still under way about a new round of talks. They said that the venue, timing and composition of the delegations had not been decided but that talks could happen on Thursday.
The war, now in its seventh week, has jolted markets and rattled the global economy as a great deal of shipping has been cut off and air strikes have torn through military and civilian infrastructure across the region.
The fighting has killed at least 3,000 people in Iran, more than 2,000 in Lebanon, 23 in Israel and more than a dozen in Gulf Arab states. Thirteen US service members have also been killed.
The US military said on Monday that the blockade applied to vessels going to and from Iranian ports. The blockade could restrict the passage of the few ships that Tehran considers friendly, which have been permitted to traverse the Strait of Hormuz, as Iran has curtailed maritime traffic since the start of the war.
Most commercial vessels have avoided the waterway amid Iranian threats, apart from the few allowed to pass through lanes between Iran’s islands and coastline.
Both the nature of enforcement and the extent to which ships will comply remained unclear during its first full day in effect on Tuesday. But there were early signs of hesitation as at least two tankers approaching the strait on Monday turned around shortly after it took effect, vessel tracker MarineTraffic said in a Monday post on X.
Iran’s effective closure of the strait, through which a fifth of global oil transits in peacetime, has sent oil prices skyrocketing, pushing up the cost of gasoline, food and other basic goods far beyond the Middle East.
The blockade is intended to pressure Iran, which has exported millions of barrels of oil, mostly to Asia, since the war began. Much of it has likely been carried by so-called dark transits that evade sanctions and oversight, providing cash flow that has been vital to keeping Iran running.
US President Donald Trump on Monday said that Iran’s control of the strait amounted to blackmail and extortion as the blockade took effect. He said in a social media post that Iran’s navy had been “completely obliterated” but still had “fast attack ships”.
He warned that “if any of these ships come anywhere close to our BLOCKADE, they will be immediately ELIMINATED”.
Iran threatened to retaliate against Persian Gulf ports if attacked.
“If you fight, we will fight,” Iran’s parliamentary speaker, Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf, said in a statement addressed to Mr Trump.
Meanwhile, direct talks between Israel and Lebanon were set to begin in Washington on Tuesday, the first such negotiations in decades.
Israel has pressed ahead with its air and ground campaign since last week’s ceasefire in Iran, insisting that it does not apply to fighting in Lebanon.
It has, however, halted strikes in the country’s capital since April 8, after a deadly bombardment that hit several crowded commercial and residential areas in central Beirut. It sparked an international outcry and threats by Iran that it would end the ceasefire.